InfoVis:Wiki - User contributions [en]

2017-02-23: CFP: Special Issue on Coupling Computation and Human Cognition through Interaction Design (Deadline: May 31, 2017)

2017-02-23T20:57:47Z

Paulparsons: added description to CFP

CALL FOR PAPERS

'''COUPLING COMPUTATION AND HUMAN COGNITION THROUGH INTERACTION DESIGN'''

Special Issue of the Journal of Multimodal Technologies and Interaction

Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/mti/special_issues/human_cognition

Deadline: May 31, 2017

---------------------------------------------

Many fields are encountering complex activities that involve intrinsically hard data analysis tasks—e.g., discovery-based research; emergency management; cybersecurity; and uncertain, risk-based decision-making. These activities are often open-ended, ill-specified, non-linear, and data-driven; they comprise a network of interdependent tasks; and they are domain-knowledge intensive and cognitively demanding. It is impossible for humans to perform such complex activities without support from powerful computational tools. There is a need for a coupling between human cognition and powerful computational tools, where the strengths of both are leveraged and tasks are distributed between human cognition and computation. Complex activities demand constant human-data interaction and decision-making—e.g., navigating and making sense of datasets; interpreting, selecting, constructing, and/or validating machine learning models; transforming input and output components (e.g., visualizations); deploying available resources; and managing tasks. These activities require a strong “human-in-the-loop” presence, where human perception, knowledge, and insight play a crucial role in accomplishing goal-oriented tasks.

The focus of this issue is on human cognition and computation teaming together to achieve goals of complex activities. We are interested in cases where human cognition and computation form a partnership and jointly carry out tasks. In such contexts, coupling is achieved through interaction between humans and computational artifacts. Thus the focus of the special issue is on coupling computation and cognition through interaction design. Submissions should address how computation and cognition work together through the deliberate design of interaction techniques and strategies.

We encourage authors to submit original research articles, works in progress, surveys, reviews, and viewpoint articles. This special issue welcomes general theories, models, and frameworks as well as applications in specific domains such as healthcare, education, neuroscience, bioinformatics, intelligence analysis, cybersecurity, and others. Topics of interest for the special issue include (but are not limited to):

* Coupling human cognition and machine learning
* Interactive visual data analysis
* Interactive visualization and visual analytics
* Human-in-the-loop analytics
* Joint cognitive systems
* Interactive model steering
* Interactive data-driven learning
* Human-computer joint reasoning
* Human-computer knowledge discovery
* Mixed-initiative interaction
* Cognitive tools
* Cognitive systems engineering

Kamran Sedig

Paul Parsons

Guest Editors

Template:News

2017-02-23T20:51:10Z

Paulparsons:

User:Paulparsons

2016-02-21T22:00:43Z

Paulparsons:

[[Image:pparsons.jpg|200px]] 
<big>'''Paul Parsons'''</big> 
Assistant Professor 
Department of Computer Graphics Technology 
Purdue University 

'''email''': parsonsp (at) purdue.edu 

== External links ==

*[http://web.ics.purdue.edu/~parsonsp/ Home Page]
*[http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Paul_Parsons3 ResearchGate Profile]
*[http://www.mendeley.com/profiles/paul-parsons/ Mendeley Profile]

[[Category:Persons]]

File:Pparsons.jpg

2016-02-21T21:58:24Z

Paulparsons: Paulparsons uploaded a new version of "File:Pparsons.jpg"

== Summary ==

== Copyright status: ==

== Source: ==

News:2016-02-21: Job: PostDoc position in Human-Centered Visualization / Visual Analytics, Purdue University

2016-02-21T21:56:57Z

Paulparsons: Created page with " '''<big><center>PostDoc position in Human-Centered Visualization / Visual Analytics, Purdue University</center></big>''' The Department of Computer Graphics Techno..."

'''<big><center>PostDoc position in Human-Centered Visualization / Visual Analytics, Purdue University</center></big>'''

 

The Department of Computer Graphics Technology at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana invites applications for a postdoc position in the areas of human-centered visualization and visual analytics. Outstanding candidates with strong research and publication records are encouraged to apply. Women and members of underrepresented groups with expertise in the research area are encouraged to apply. The successful candidate will receive support for two years at rates consistent with the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA). More information can be found below.

'''Title:''' Design of Visual Analytics Tools for Dynamic Decision-Making under Uncertainty

'''Keywords:''' Visual analytics; information visualization; cognition; decision-making; uncertainty; human-centered design; interaction design

'''Duration:''' 2 Years

'''Responsibilities:''' The candidate will be responsible for engaging in conceptual and theoretical research, generating novel ideas, and implementing them in visual analytics tools. Candidates should be creative and rigorous thinkers, and should be proficient in conducting interdisciplinary research. The candidate will assist the PIs in designing, coordinating, and executing mixed methods user studies. In addition to working closely with the PIs, other collaborators, and graduate students, the candidate is expected to actively participate in writing academic publications and grant proposals.

'''Requirements:''' The candidate should have or expects to soon have a Ph.D. in computer science/engineering, human-computer interaction, informatics, or other related disciplines. The candidate should have a strong publication history in or across the following areas: information visualization, visual analytics, information science, human-computer interaction, cognitive science, and data analytics. The candidate should have good technical skills including a strong programming background, experience with different programming tools and languages, and the ability to work in a collaborative environment.

'''Preferences:''' Ideally, the candidate should have experience with information visualization and visual analytics concepts, models, and techniques. Experience in cognitive science, human-computer interaction, and mixed methods research will be an asset. Experience with visualization programming is ideal, especially web-based programming (e.g., JavaScript, PHP, d3.js, angular.js, node.js). Experience with big data tools is also an asset.

'''Application materials:''' Cover letter, C.V., contact information for 3 references, research statement (1-2 pages), and a list of relevant publications. Please submit all application materials as a single PDF file.

Purdue University is an EEO/AA employer fully committed to achieving a diverse workforce. All individuals, including minorities, women, individuals with disabilities, and protected veterans are encouraged to apply.

Please send application materials to both Paul Parsons (parsonsp@purdue.edu) and Vetria Byrd (vbyrd@purdue.edu). Review of applications will begin immediately. For full consideration, all application materials must be received by March 15, 2016.

Template:News

2016-02-21T21:47:41Z

Paulparsons:

*[[:News: 2016-02-21: Job: PostDoc position in Human-Centered Visualization / Visual Analytics, Purdue University]]
*[[:News: 2016-02-16: Job: PostDoc position in Information Visualization / Visual Analytics, Linnaeus University, Sweden]]
*[[:News: 2016-02-02: Job: 2 Research Assistant Positions (PhD Position) in Visualization / Visual Analytics / Biological Data Visualization, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria]]
*[[:News: 2016-01-31: CFP: VINCI 2016 - 9th International Symposium on Visual Information Communication and Interaction, Dallas, TX, USA (Deadline: May 1, 2016)]]
*[[:News: 2016-01-20: Job: 2 postdoctoral researcher positions in Novel Methods for Analysis of Online Consumer Behavior, University of Tampere, Finland]]
*[[:News: 2016-01-19: Job: Junior Researcher (PhD Position) in Information Visualization/Mobile Computing, St. Poelten University of Applied Sciences, Austria]]
*[[:News: 2015-12-14: Job: PhD position in Visualization / HCI, TU Wien, Austria]]
*[[:News: 2015-10-22: CFP: EmoVis 2016 - ACM IUI 2016 Workshop on Emotion and Visualization, Sonoma, CA, USA (Extended Deadline: Jan 7, 2016)]]
*[[:News: 2015-09-19: Job: Tenure-Track Faculty Position in VIS, Virginia Tech, US]]
*[[:News: 2015-09-11: Job: PhD position in Biological Visualization, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, UK]]
*[[:News: 2015-09-07: CFP: Special Session on Information Visualisation and Machine Learning: Techniques, Validation and Integration at ESANN 2016 (Deadline: 20 November 2015)]]
*[[:News: 2015-09-03: Job: Research scientist / engineer position in Infovis: Visualizing astrophysicists’ activity, University of Nantes & CEA Paris Saclay, France (Fall 2015)]]
*[[:News: 2015-08-20: Job: Research Scientist (Postdoc) in InfoVis / Human-Computer-Interaction, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, HES-SO Valais]]
*[[:News: 2015-07-29: Job: Research Assistant (PhD Position) in InfoVis / Visual Analytics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria]]
*[[:News: 2015-07-21: Job: PostDoc and PhD Position in Visualization at SCI Institute, University of Utah]]
*[[:News: 2015-07-20: CFP: VAHC 2015 - Workshop on Visual Analytics in Healthcare, Chicago, USA, October 2015 (Deadline: July 31, 2015)]]
*[[:News: 2015-07-07: CFP: ICDM DAVA 2015 - International Workshop on DAta mining meets Visual Analytics at big data era (Deadline: 20 July 2015)]]
*[[:News: 2015-06-15: CFP: VISSOFT 2015 - New Ideas or Emerging Results and Tool Demos, Bremen, Germany (Deadline: 29 June 2015)]]
*[[:News: 2015-06-02: Doctoral position in Visual Analytics, University of Skövde, Sweden]]
*[[:News: 2015-05-07: 2ndCFP: 23rd International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2015) (Deadline: 12 June 2015)]]
*[[:News:2015-05-04: 2nd CfP: 4th International Workshop on Theory and Application of Visualizations and Human-centric Aspects in Processes (TAProViz'15) at BPM 2015 (Deadline: 29 May 2015)]]
*[[:News: 2015-04-22: Job: Research Assistant (PhD Position) in InfoVis / Visual Analytics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria]]
*[[:News: 2015-04-20: Job: Postdoc position in Infovis/HCI, visualizing image construction in astrophysics, Nantes & Paris Saclay, France (Fall 2015)]]
*[[:News: 2015-03-18: Job: Instructor needed for Information Visualization, School of Information, San Jose State University (Fall 2015)]]
*[[:News: 2015-03-18: Job: PhD position in Visual Analytics, University of Montpellier, France (Deadline 1 May 2015)]]
*[[:News: 2015-03-17: Job: PhD position in Interactive Visualization of Biological Pathways, Northumbria University Newcastle, UK (Deadline 31 March 2015)]]
*[[:News:2015-02-18: CfP: EuroRV3: EuroVis Workshop on Reproducibility, Verification, and Validation]]
*[[:News:2015-1-30: CfP: 4th International Workshop on Theory and Application of Visualizations and Human-centric Aspects in Processes (TAProViz'15) at BPM 2015 (Deadline: 29 May 2015)]]
*[[:News: 2015-01-27: CFP: 23rd International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2015) (Deadline: 12 June 2015)]]
*[[:News: 2015-01-22: CFP: 12th International Conference on BioMedical Visualization (MediViz 2015) (Deadline: 16 March 2015)]]
*[[:News: 2015-01-09: Job: PhD position on Biological Data Visualization at KU Leuven, Belgium]]
*[[:News: 2015-01-09: Job: Research Position (possible PhD or postdoc) on Visualization of Medical Records at KU Leuven, Belgium]]
*[[:News: 2015-01-09: Job: Research Position (possible PhD or postdoc) on Medical Collaborative Visualization at KU Leuven, Belgium]]
*[[2015-01-08: Job: Junior Research Position (PhD candidate) in Visual Analytics/Information Visualization, TUW, LBC CVAST (DL: Jan. 15, 2015)]]
*[[2014-11-26: BBSRC Biological Visualisation Network 1st Annual Meeting, Edinburgh Napier University, UK (Register by: 30 Nov 2014)]]
*[[2014-11-01: Job: open rank position in information design and data visualization]]
*[[2014-10-16: Job: PhD position in Visualization/HCI, University of Vienna, Austria]]
*[[2014-10-03: CFP: Human-Information Interaction, Special Issue of Informatics (Deadline: 01 May 2015)]]
*[[2014-09-08: Job: Researcher in visualization and analysis of industrial XCT data at University of Applied Sciences, Upper Austria]]
*[[2014-08-20: CFP: IEEE Pacific Visualization Symposium 2015 (Deadline: 26 Sep 2014)]]
*[[2014-7-28: Job: Postdoc (x2) and PhD (x4) Positions in Visual Analytics @ Middlesex University, London, UK]]: '''updated PhD deadline: 31 Aug 2014'''
*[[2014-07-28: Job: Three funded PhD positions in information visualization at FH Potsdam]]
*[[2014-05-09: 2nd CfP: Workshop on dirty time-oriented data @ I-KNOW 2014]]
*[[2014-1-15: 2nd Call for Papers: TAProViz'14 Workshop at BPM 2014]]
*[[:News: 2014-04-30: Job: Java biological sequence visual analytics software development (Closes 6th May 2014), University of Dundee, UK]]
*[[2014-04-25: Job: Post-doctoral position in Visual Analytics at the University of Montpellier 2, France]]
*[[2014-04-07: Jobs: PhD position in Information Visualization at Linköping University]]
*[[:News:2014-04-02: Job: University Professorship (Salary Scale W2 BBesO) in Visual Analytics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Germany]]
*[[2014-03-28: CfP: Workshop on GeoVisual Analytics: Interactivity, Dynamics, and Scale @ GIScience 2014]]
*[[2014-03-25: CfP: Workshop on dirty time-oriented data @ I-KNOW 2014]]
*[[2014-3-3: Job: HP Labs Summer Internship in Visual Analytics]]
*[[2014-2-22: Job: Four PhD Positions in Visual Analytics for Criminal Intelligence Analysis, Middlesex University, London, UK | 2014-2-22: Job: Four PhD Positions in Visual Analytics, Middlesex University, London, UK (Deadline: 14 March 2014)]]
*[[2014-2-21: Job: Multiple Postdoctoral Research Scientist Positions at IBM Almaden Research Center, CA, US]]
*[[2014-2-5: Job: Summer Internship in Visual Analytics/Information Visualization, IBM Almaden Research Center, CA, US (DL: March1, 2014)]]
*[[2014-1-15: Call for Papers: TAProViz'14 Workshop at BPM 2014]]
*[[2014-1-1: Call for Papers: IEEE VAST 2014 - Two Paper Tracks - Paper Abstracts due March 21, 2014]]
*[[2013-12-19: Call for Papers: CFP - IEEE VIS 2014 - InfoVis Papers - Abstracts due March 21, 2014]]
*[[2013-12-10: Call for Abstracts: MediViz'14 (11th Int. Conference on Biomedical Visualization), Paris, France, July 15-18, 2014]]
*[[2013-11-29: Job: Summer Internship Hiring in SKLCS/ISCAS, Beijing, China (DL: Dec. 31, 2013)]]
*[[2013-11-19: Job: Junior Research Position (PhD candidate) in Visual Analytics/Information Visualization, TU Wien, Austria (DL: Jan. 15, 2014)]]
*[[:News: 2013-11-10: Job: Junior Researcher (PhD Position) in Information Visualization/Visual Analytics, St. Poelten University of Applied Sciences, Austria]]
*[[2013-11-4: Job: Open position for an Experienced Researcher, Comparative Genomics, Leibniz Supercomputing Centre]]
*[[2013-10-3: Job: Postdoctoral computer scientist, Scalable Interactive Data Visualization, University of Leuven]]
*[[2013-10-3: Job: Tenure‐Track Assistant Professor, Visualization and Analytics at the University of Washington]]
*[[2013-09-09: Job: Multiple Research and Software Development positions at MODUL University, Vienna and Vienna University of Business and Economics]]
*[[:News: 2013-08-27: InfoVis:Wiki upgrades to MediaWiki 1.21.1]]
*[[2013-08-27: Job: Research Assistant (PhD Position) in Information Visualization / Visual Analytics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria]]
*[[2013-07-17: Job: Sr Infographics & Datavisualization Specialist, MSNBC]]
*[[2013-07-08: CFP (Deadline EXTENDED) VizSec: 10th Visualization for Cyber Security Workshop (VizSec 2013) at IEEE VIS]]
*[[2013-05-30: CFP VISIGRAPP: 9th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications – VISIGRAPP 2014]]
*[[2013-05-30: CFP IVAPP: 9th International Conference on Information Visualization Theory and Applications - IVAPP 2014]]
*[[2013-05-30: CFP VISAPP: 9th International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications - VISAPP 2014]]
*[[2013-05-30: CFP GRAPP: 9th International Conference on Computer Graphics Theory and Applications- GRAPP 2014]]
*[[2013-05-24: CFP (Deadline EXTENDED): TAProViz¹13 Workshop at BPM 2013]]
*[[2013-05-08: CFP: NIER and Tool-Demos @ 1st IEEE Working Conference on Software Visualization (VISSOFT 2013)]]
*[[2013-05-08: CFP (Deadline EXTENDED): 1st IEEE Working Conference on Software Visualization (VISSOFT 2013)]]
*[[2013-05-02: 2nd CFP: TAProViz¹13 Workshop at BPM 2013]]
*[[2013-05-01: Job: Research Assistant (PhD Position) on Information Visualization / Visual Analytics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria]]
*[[2013-04-25: Seminar & Workshop : Big Data Viz, 27th-31st May, Copenhagen - www.bigdataviz.dk ]]
*[[2013-04-20: CFP: Extended deadline: 6th International Symposium on Visual Information Communication and Interaction]]
*[[2013-04-10: Job: Researcher position in Visual Analytics / Information Visualization, CRP Gabriel Lippmann, Luxembourg]]
*[[2013-03-17: Job: Assistant/Associate Professor Position in Computer Science (for Candidates with a Strong Expertise in Information Visualisation), Vrije Univeriteit Brussel, Belgium (Deadline: 28 March 2013)]]
*[[2013-02-26: Job: PhD candidate position in Information Visualization/Visual Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Austria (Deadline 10 March 2013)]]
*[[2013-02-22: Open position for an Experienced Researcher at the LRZ, Garching, Germany]]
*[[2013-03-31: CFP: Arts, Humanities, and Complex Networks – 4th Leonardo satellite symposium at NetSci2013]]
*[[2013-02-14: CFP: 1st IEEE Working Conference on Software Visualization]]
*[[2013-02-05: Job: Three PhD Positions in Text Analytics Project, Sweden]]
*[[2012-02-04: CFP: Special Section of Computers & Graphics Journal on Visual Analytics]]
*[[2013-01-20: CFP: EuroRV³ 2013 (EuroVis Workshop on Reproducibility, Verification, and Validation in Visualization), June 17-18, Leipzig, Germany]]
*[[2013-01-10: Job: Assistant Professor in Visual Analytics, Simon Fraser University, Canada]]

[[:Category:News|'''News Archive...''']]

[http://www.infovis-wiki.net/index.php?title=Special:Newpages&namespace=104&feed=rss News as RSS feed]
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2014-10-03: CFP: Human-Information Interaction, Special Issue of Informatics (Deadline: 01 May 2015)

2014-10-03T18:20:48Z

Paulparsons: added details

[[Category:News]]
[[Category:2014/10]]

Dear Colleagues,
 

This [http://www.mdpi.com/journal/informatics/special_issues/human–information-interaction special issue of the Informatics journal] welcomes submissions on the topic of human-information interaction (HII). HII is concerned with how and why humans use, find, consume, work with, and interact with information to solve problems, make decisions, learn, plan, make sense, discover, and carry out numerous other tasks and activities. Although tools and technologies mediate interaction with information, the focus of HII research is not on technological issues per se. HII focuses on the interaction between humans and information that is mediated and supported by interactive technologies in the areas of decision support, health and medicine, education, libraries, personal-information management, natural and social science, and others. HII is inherently interdisciplinary, and draws from research in human-computer interaction, information science, cognitive and perceptual sciences, health and medical informatics, information visualization, educational technologies, library science, and information systems. We encourage authors to submit their original research articles, work in progress, surveys, reviews, and viewpoint articles in this field. This special issue welcomes applications, theories, models, and frameworks—whether conceptual, analytical, prescriptive, predictive, design-related, or otherwise—that are concerned with (but not limited to) the following topics as they relate to HII:

 
* Interaction Design
* Distributed Cognition
* Thinking and Reasoning
* Visual Reasoning
* Interactive Cognition
* Interaction Patterns
* Sensemaking
* Complex Cognition
* Cognitive Activities
* Information Behavior
* Knowledge Work
* Learning
* Problem Solving
* Decision Making
* Planning
* Mental Models and Representations
* Embodied Cognition
* Information Foraging
* Information Triage
* Interface Design
* Information Design
* Information Spaces
* Visual Representations
* Information-Intensive Tasks
* Perception
* Design Thinking
* Document Collections
* Data and Information Visualization

 
'''Guest Editors''' 
Dr. Kamran Sedig, Western University, Canada 
Dr. Paul Parsons, Western University, Canada 

'''Submission'''

Manuscripts should be submitted online at [http://www.mdpi.com/ www.mdpi.com] by [http://www.mdpi.com/user/register registering] and [http://www.mdpi.com/user/login logging in to this website]. Once you are registered, [http://www.mdpi.com/user/manuscripts/upload/?journal=informatics click here to go to the submission form]. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. Papers will be published continuously (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere. All manuscripts are refereed through a peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the [http://www.mdpi.com/journal/informatics/instructions Instructions for Authors] page. [http://www.mdpi.com/journal/informatics/ Informatics] is an international peer-reviewed Open Access quarterly journal published by [http://www.mdpi.com/ MDPI].

Please visit the [http://www.mdpi.com/journal/informatics/instructions Instructions for Authors] page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) will be waived for well-prepared manuscripts. English correction and/or formatting fees of 250 CHF (Swiss Francs) will be charged in certain cases for those articles accepted for publication that require extensive additional formatting and/or English corrections.

 
 
For more information, please see the special issue website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/informatics/special_issues/human–information-interaction

Template:News

2014-10-03T18:07:02Z

Paulparsons: added new CFP

Science of Interaction

2014-04-22T02:36:08Z

Paulparsons: added reference

=Starting point: Illuminating the Path=
== Executive Summary ==
p. 9 (Executive Summary) in [Thomas and Cook, 2005]

{{Quotation|
''Recommendation''

Develop a new science of interactions that supports the analytical reason- ing process. This interaction science must provide a taxonomy of interaction techniques ranging from the low-level interactions to more complex inter- action techniques and must address the challenge to scale across different types of display environments and tasks.

Interaction is the fuel for analytic discourse. Although the fundamental principles of interaction have been around for more than a decade, they do not address the needs for higher-order interaction techniques, such as task-directed or hypothesis-guided discourse, to support the analysis process. A new scientific theory and practice are critical to address the complexity of homeland security needs for analysis, prevention, and response. These interaction techniques must adapt to the particular dimensions of the analytical situation, ranging from longer-term analytical assess- ments to urgent and highly stressful emergency response support tasks. These interactions must be adaptable for use in platforms ranging from the large displays in emergency management control rooms to field-deployable handheld devices in the hands of first responders. This is a high priority for initial investments.
|[Thomas and Cook, 2005]}}

== A Science of Interaction ==
p. 73-81 (Chapter 3) in [Thomas and Cook, 2005]

=== State of the Art ===
====Levels of interaction: human time constants (p.74) ====
*~100 milliseconds
**perceptual fusion time constant
**rate necessary to produce the perception of a smooth animation
**perception of an immediate response
*~1 second
**unprepared response time
**rate of response to simple user interactions
**it is important to provide some kind of feedback in the 1-second timeframe
**a 1-second transition animation can reduce user task performance time
*~10 seconds
**unit task time
**time within which users expect more comples user-initiated activities to
*~100 seconds (minutes to hours)
**rational band

====Uses of interaction (p.75) ====
*primary uses of interaction
**modify data transformation (filtering)
**modify visual mappings
**modify view transformation (i.e., navigation)
** NEW: human-information discourse (higher-level user dialogue with the information)
*Interactions for modifying data transformation (filtering)
**direct manipulation
**dynamic queries
**brushing
**details-on-demand
*Interactions for modifying visual mappings
**dataflow systems
**Pivot Tables
*Interactions for modyfing view transformation (navigation)
**direct selection
**selecting and highlighting
**panning
**zooming
**overview and detail
*Interaction for human-information discourse
**comparing
**categorizing
**extracting
**recombining data
**creating and testing hypotheses
**annotating data

==== Nature of interactions ====
* 3D manipulation and navigation techniques tend to be harder to use and harder to learn (p.75)
* multimodal interfaces
* sonification

=== Technology Needs ===
{{Quotation|
Although a lot of isolated design work has been done in specific aspects of interaction science, little systematic examination of the design space has been done. As a field, we are in a transition phase in which researchers are beginning the foundational work to understand that design space. Creating a science of interaction is critical because the large-scale nature of the analytic problem and the compressed timeframe for analysis require that we identify and develop the correct interaction techniques for any given human timeframe, interaction use, or interaction environment.
|[Thomas and Cook, 2005]}}

====Basic interaction techniques====
{{Quotation|
To achieve successful adoption, visual analytics software must support both basic interactions and highly sophisticated interactions that support the analytic reasoning process. Before these more sophisticated interactions can be addressed systematically, work is needed to create a scientific understanding about the basic interactions that are used to support simpler operations. This understanding will form the foundation for research into more sophisticated interactions.

''Recommendation 3.3''

'''Create a new science of interaction to support visual analytics.'''

The grand challenge of interaction is to develop a taxonomy to describe the design space of interaction techniques that supports the science of analytical reason- ing. We must characterize this design space and identify under-explored areas that are relevant to visual analytics. Then, R&D should be focused on expanding the repertoire of interaction techniques that can fill those gaps in the design space.
|[Thomas and Cook, 2005]}}

====Interaction techniques for human-information discourse====
{{Quotation|
Existing work on interaction techniques for human-computer interaction and information visualization has focused on cognitive time bands, interaction for data manipulation, visual mapping manipulation, and navigation. The discussion on analytic discourse and sense-making in Chapter 2 makes it clear the higher-level dialogue between analyst and information, or human-information discourse, is of vital importance. This discourse involves the rational time band and higher-level uses of interaction, but neither has been sufficiently explored.

''Recommendation 3.4''

'''Expand the science of interaction to support the human-information discourse needed for analytical reasoning. In particular, identify and develop interaction techniques that support higher-level reasoning and that address the rational human timeframe.'''

Human beings are very skilled at analyzing complex situations using a combination of their available information and their combined knowledge and experience. However, there are inherent human tendencies that analysts must recognize and overcome. Interaction techniques must be developed that support an analytic discourse and help compensate for human limitations, including:

* Information overload in complex situations. Techniques are needed to help analysts simplify their cognitive load without compromising the analyst’s effectiveness and to help compensate for faulty memory.
* Overcoming biases. Biases affect the way data are interpreted. Biases about the reliability of different sources may lead people to discount information from sources that aren’t considered reliable. People often see what they expect to see and tend to ignore evidence that is contradictory to a preferred theory. If they form a preliminary judgment too early in the analytical process, they may hold firm to it long after the evidence invalidates it [Heuer, 1999].
* Satisficing. People settle for a “good enough” answer, sometimes stopping their analytical process before they identify critical information that would lead them to a different conclusion [Heuer, 1999].
New interaction techniques are needed to support the user in evaluating evidence, challenging assumptions, and finding alternatives. Analytical environments should support the user in identifying and understanding all relevant information to reach a solid conclusion rapidly. The tools we create need to establish a correct balance between structure and intuition.
|[Thomas and Cook, 2005]}}

=== Leveraging New Media to Support Interaction ===
*Harnessing new display technologies
*Scaling to multiple devices and device configurations
*Multimodal interaction (p.80)

== References ==
*[Green et al., 2008] Green T., Ribarsky W., Fisher B.: [http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4677361 Visual Analytics for Complex Concepts Using a Human Cognition Model]. In Proc. IEEE VAST, pp. 91–98, 2008.
*[Lam, 2008] Lam H.: [http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4658124 A Framework of Interaction Costs in Information Visualization]. IEEE TVCG 14(6):1149–1156, 2008.
*[Liu et al., 2008] Liu Z., Nersessian N. J., Stasko J. T.: [http://www.computer.org/portal/web/csdl/doi/10.1109/TVCG.2008.121 Distributed Cognition as a Theoretical Framework for Information Visualization]. IEEE TVCG 14(6):1173–1180, 2008.
*[Liu & Stasko, 2010] Zhicheng Liu; Stasko, J.T.; , [http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5613437&isnumber=5613414 Mental Models, Visual Reasoning and Interaction in Information Visualization: A Top-down Perspective], IEEE TVCG, 16(6):999-1008, 2010.
*[Pike et al., 2009] Pike W. A., Stasko J. T., Chang R., O’Connell T. A.: [http://www.palgrave-journals.com/ivs/journal/v8/n4/abs/ivs200922a.html The Science of Interaction]. Information Visualization 8(4):263–274, 2009.
*[Thomas and Cook, 2005] J.J. Thomas and K.A. Cook, eds., [http://nvac.pnl.gov/agenda.stm Illuminating the Path: The Research and Development Agenda for Visual Analytics], IEEE CS Press, 2005.
*[Yi et al., 2007] Yi J. S., Kang Y. A., Stasko J., Jacko J.: [http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4376144 Toward a Deeper Understanding of the Role of Interaction in Information Visualization]. IEEE TVCG 13(6):1224–1231, 2007.
*[Sedig & Parsons, 2013] Sedig K., Parsons P. [http://aisel.aisnet.org/thci/vol5/iss2/1/ Interaction Design for Complex Cognitive Activities with Visual Representations: A Pattern-Based Approach]. AIS Transactions on Human-Computer Interaction 5(2):84-133, 2013.

[[Category:Coffee Room]]

User:Paulparsons

2014-03-22T18:27:22Z

Paulparsons: minor edit

[[Image:pparsons.jpg|200px]] 
<big>'''Paul Parsons'''</big> 
Research Scientist 
IBM Canada Research & Development Centre 

Postdoctoral Fellow 
Insight Lab, Western University 

'''Postal Address''' 
Dept. of Computer Science 
Middlesex College 
Western University 
1151 Richmond St. 
London, ON, Canada 
N6A 1W1 

'''email''': parsons (at) ca.ibm.com; pparsons (at) uwo.ca 

''' Paul Parsons ''' is a Research Scientist at the IBM Canada Research & Development Centre, and a Postdoctoral Fellow at [http://www.uwo.ca Western University] in London, Canada. His research takes a human-centered approach to analysis, design, and evaluation of interactive visualization technologies, particularly in the context of supporting human cognition and visual reasoning. Recently, he has been working on developing general theoretical frameworks in an attempt to promote a more scientific approach to interactive visualization research. He has published a number of papers in the areas of interaction and interactivity design for visualization and visual analytics.

== External links ==

*[http://www.csd.uwo.ca/~pparsons/ Home Page]
*[http://www.csd.uwo.ca/~pparsons/publications Publications]
*[http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Paul_Parsons3 ResearchGate Profile]
*[http://www.mendeley.com/profiles/paul-parsons/ Mendeley Profile]

[[Category:Persons]]

File:Pparsons.jpg

2014-03-22T18:19:22Z

Paulparsons:

== Summary ==

== Copyright status: ==

== Source: ==

User:Paulparsons

2014-03-22T18:18:20Z

Paulparsons: small update

<big>'''Paul Parsons'''</big> 

[[Image:pparsons.jpg|200px]]

Research Scientist 
IBM Canada Research & Development Centre 

Postdoctoral Fellow 
Insight Lab, Western University 

'''Postal Address''' 
Dept. of Computer Science 
Middlesex College 
Western University 
1151 Richmond St. 
London, ON, Canada 
N6A 1W1 

'''email''': parsons (at) ca.ibm.com; pparsons (at) uwo.ca 

''' Paul Parsons ''' is a Research Scientist at the IBM Canada Research & Development Centre, and a Postdoctoral Fellow at [http://www.uwo.ca Western University] in London, Canada. His research takes a human-centered approach to analysis, design, and evaluation of interactive visualization technologies, particularly in the context of supporting human cognition and visual reasoning. Recently, he has been working on developing general theoretical frameworks in an attempt to promote a more scientific approach to interactive visualization research. He has published a number of papers in the areas of interaction and interactivity design for visualization and visual analytics.

== External links ==

*[http://www.csd.uwo.ca/~pparsons/ Home Page]
*[http://www.csd.uwo.ca/~pparsons/publications Publications]
*[http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Paul_Parsons3 ResearchGate Profile]
*[http://www.mendeley.com/profiles/paul-parsons/ Mendeley Profile]

[[Category:Persons]]

Color

2014-03-22T18:07:31Z

Paulparsons: added new colour resource

[http://vis4.net/blog/posts/avoid-equidistant-hsv-colors/ How To Avoid Equidistant HSV Colors] via vis4.net (by Gregor Aisch)

[http://tools.medialab.sciences-po.fr/iwanthue/ Colors for data scientists. Generate and refine palettes of optimally distinct colors.] via iWantHue

[[Category:Web resources]]

Interactivity

2014-03-22T17:55:25Z

Paulparsons: added 2 new definitions

{{Quotation|Interactivity means controlling the parameters in the visualization reference model [...]. This naturally means that there are different types of interactivity, because the user could control the parameters to data transformations, to visual mappings, or to view transformations. It also means that there are different forms of interactivity based on the response cycle of the interaction.|[Card, 2008, p. 534]}}

{{Quotation|Broadly speaking, interaction refers to a reciprocal active relationship—that is, action and reaction. The suffix ‘ity’ is used to form nouns that denote a quality or condition....interactivity refers to the quality of interaction between a user and a VT [visualization tool]...Interactivity at the micro level emerges from the structural elements of individual interactions. Interactivity at the macro level emerges from the combination of individual interactions to performtasks and activities.|[Sedig, Parsons, Dittmer, Haworth, 2013]}}

{{Quotation|interactivity in VA [visual analytics] refers to the quality of interaction among the components that comprise a VA system. One current problem surrounding the discussion of interactivity is that researchers are not in agreement as to whether the locus of interactivity lies with the user or with the technology...This issue is important with VA systems, as the quality of interaction among the internal components as well as among the user and the system are essential. To address this issue we propose that interactivity in VA systems be categorized into two high-level components: external and internal interactivity. External interactivity refers to the quality of interaction among mental space, representation space, and interaction space. Internal interactivity refers to the quality of interaction among representation space, computing space, and information space.|[Sedig, Parsons, Babanski, 2012]}}

see also: [[Interaction]]

== References ==
*[Card, 2008] Stuart Card, Information visualization, in A. Sears and J.A. Jacko (eds.), The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook: Fundamentals, Evolving Technologies, and Emerging Applications, Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc Inc, 2007.
*[Sedig, Parsons, Dittmer, Haworth, 2013]: Sedig, K., Parsons, P., Dittmer, M., & Haworth, R. (2013). Human–centered interactivity of visualization tools: Micro– and macro–level considerations. In W. Huang (Ed.), Handbook of Human-Centric Visualization (pp. 717–743). Springer, New York.[http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4614-7485-2_29]
*[Sedig, Parsons, Babanski, 2012]: Sedig, K., Parsons, P., & Babanski, A. (2012). Towards a characterization of interactivity in visual analytics. Journal of Multimedia Processing Technologies, Special Issue on Theory and Application of Visual Analytics, 3(1), 12–28.[http://www.csd.uwo.ca/~pparsons/papers/JMPT2012.pdf]

[[Category:Glossary]]

Interaction Design

2014-03-22T17:35:18Z

Paulparsons: added new definition

{{Quotation|The design of how a user communicates, or interacts, with a computer. Interaction designers focus on the flow of interaction, the dialog between person and computer, how input relates to output, stimulus-response compatibility, and feedback mechanisms. This is in contrast to a visual designer, who may be trained in designing visualizations for static media but not necessarily in the dialog which is present in all interactive media. A “visual interaction designer” is a visual designer with interaction design skills. Interaction design is also in contrast to information architecture - an information architect looks at the organization of information to make the structure of a complex system easy to conceptualize and navigate, but is not usually focused, for instance, on low-level interactions. For example, an information architect may design the structure of an entire website, but not have as much interest in the design of individual pages and how users interact with forms and other controls. |[Usability First, 2003]}}

{{Quotation|Design of the interaction component...[of visualization tools]...is concerned with what users can and should do with the represented information, what actions should be made available to them to work and think with the represented information, and what their subsequent reactions should be. The focus of interaction design, then, is on the discourse that takes place between users and the represented information. It is through interaction with the represented information that users can restructure and modify the form and amount of displayed information in order to optimize and enhance its epistemic utility for performing complex cognitive activities.|[Sedig & Parsons, 2013]}}

== References ==
*[Usability First, 2003] Usability First, Usability Glossary. Retrieved at: 2003. http://www.usabilityfirst.com/glossary/main.cgi?function=display_term&term_id=204
*[Sedig & Parsons, 2013]: Sedig, K. & Parsons, P. (2013). Interaction design for complex cognitive activities with visual representations: A pattern-based approach. AIS Transactions on Human-Computer Interaction, 5(2), 84–133.[http://aisel.aisnet.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1057&context=thci]

[[Category:Glossary]]

Information Space

2014-03-22T17:28:16Z

Paulparsons: added new definition

{{Definition|'''Information space''' denotes the set of concepts and relations among them held by an information system [Newby, 2001]; it describes the range of possible values or meanings an entity can have under the given rules and circumstances.}}

{{Quotation|Information spaces surround us. When we retrieve a file from our computer, we are browsing through an information space; when we use a search engine we are sifting through an information space; and when we visit a website we are moving through yet another information space.|[Withrow, 2004]}}

{{Quotation|Information space refers to the body of information with which an actor [user] is interacting to perform an activity. The types of complex activities in which actors engage often require access to information from multiple domains. For example, an analyst may require demographic, historic, financial, and geographic information to make decisions regarding the distribution of resources...the term information space refers to a body of information that contains any combination of entities, properties, or relationships—whether concrete, abstract, large, small, visible, or invisible, and from any possible combination of domains—with which actors access and interact...to perform cognitive activities.|[Parsons & Sedig, 2014]}}

== References ==

*[Newby, 2001]: G. Newby, ''Cognitive Space and Information Space'', Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2001.
*[Withrow, 2004]: Jason Withrow, ''Site Diagrams: Mapping an Information Space'' Washtenaw Community College, August 2004.
*[Parsons & Sedig, 2014]: P. Parsons & K. Sedig, "Adjustable Properties of Visual Representations: Improving the Quality of Human-Information Interaction", Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 65(3), 455–482, 2014. [http://www.csd.uwo.ca/~pparsons/papers/JASIST2013.pdf]

[[Category: Glossary]]

User:Paulparsons

2014-03-22T17:06:01Z

Paulparsons: minor updates

<big>'''Paul Parsons'''</big> 

Research Scientist 
IBM Canada Research & Development Centre 

Postdoctoral Fellow 
Insight Lab, Western University 

'''Postal Address''' 
Dept. of Computer Science 
Middlesex College 
Western University 
1151 Richmond St. 
London, ON, Canada 
N6A 1W1 

'''email''': parsons (at) ca.ibm.com; pparsons (at) uwo.ca 

''' Paul Parsons ''' is a Research Scientist at the IBM Canada Research & Development Centre, and a Postdoctoral Fellow at [http://www.uwo.ca Western University] in London, Canada. His research takes a human-centered approach to analysis, design, and evaluation of interactive visualization technologies, particularly in the context of supporting human cognition and visual reasoning. Recently, he has been working on developing general theoretical frameworks in an attempt to promote a more scientific approach to interactive visualization research. He has published a number of papers in the areas of interaction and interactivity design for visualization and visual analytics.

== External links ==

*[http://www.csd.uwo.ca/~pparsons/ Home Page]
*[http://www.csd.uwo.ca/~pparsons/publications Publications]
*[http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Paul_Parsons3 ResearchGate Profile]
*[http://www.mendeley.com/profiles/paul-parsons/ Mendeley Profile]

Visualization Design Patterns

2014-03-22T16:59:16Z

Paulparsons: added link to pdf

{| align="right" | __TOC__ |}
== Overview ==
For any design discipline, including Information and Scientific Visualization, there are design problems within the domain that tend to arise time and again. Although effective solutions may be known, they are not helpful unless that knowledge is coherently structured and communicated to colleagues. Without good structure, design knowledge may be disparate and disjointed, and relationships among solutions may not be apparent. Without good communication, designers who are unaware of solutions may be forced to ‘reinvent the wheel’, wasting unnecessary effort on a problem that has already been solved by others. Some means of capturing and codifying solutions to Information Visualisation design problems would be useful for those engaged in practice. The Visualization Design Patterns described here have been proposed for this purpose.

== Foundational Patterns ==

These patterns are the building blocks of Visualizations. They are more "reference patterns" than true "design patterns". Visualization designers will assume they are a given component of visualization design. The patterns are included to provide a common technical lexicon, to build a ''lingua franca'' used throughout the language, to encourage communications between novices and experts, and to facilitate a discussion of pros and cons.

=== '''Visualization Architecture''' ===
* [[Patterns:Visualization|Visualization]]

=== '''Interaction Patterns''' ===
User intent-based categories of interaction techniques <ref>Yi, J. S., Kang, Y. A., Stasko, J., & Jacko, J. A. (2007). [ Toward a Deeper Understanding of the Role of Interaction in Information Visualization.] IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG), 13(6). Presented in InfoVis 2007, Sacramento, California, October 28 - November 1, 1224-1231. (see also [ Toward a Deeper Understanding of the Role of Interaction in Information Visualization (presentation)])</ref>
* Reconfigure: show me a different arrangement
* Encode: show me a different representation
* Filter: show me something conditionally
** [[Patterns:Filter|Filter]]
** [[Patterns:Dynamic Queries|Dynamic Queries]]
** [[Patterns:Context-maintained Filter|Context-maintained Filter]]
** [[Patterns:Reduction Filter|Reduction Filter]]
* Abstract/Elaborate: show me more or less detail
** [[Patterns:Overview|Overview]]
** [[Patterns:Details-on-demand| Details-on-demand]]
* Connect: show me related items
** [[Patterns:Brushing|Brushing]]
* Explore: show me something else
** [[Patterns:Navigation|Navigation]]
** [[Patterns:Navigation Box|Navigation Box]]
** [[Patterns:Spatial Navigation|Spatial Navigation]]
** [[Patterns:Click-n-Drag|Click-n-Drag]]
** [[Patterns:Teleportation|Teleportation]]
* Select: mark something as interesting
** [[Patterns:Single Direct Selection|Single Direct Selection]]
** [[Patterns:Multiple Direct Selection|Multiple Direct Selection]]
** [[Patterns:Bounding Box|Bounding Box]]
** [[Patterns:Single Direct Selection+Keyboard|Single Direct Selection+Keyboard]]
** [[Patterns:Bounding Box+Keyboard|Bounding Box+Keyboard]]
* Other
** [[Patterns:Direct Manipulation|Direct Manipulation]]
** [[Patterns:Smooth Transitions|Smooth Transitions]]
** [[Patterns:2D Navigational Model|2D Navigational Model]]
** [[Patterns:3D Navigational Model|3D Navigational Model]]
** [[Patterns:NAFS Model|NAFS Model]]

General interaction patterns, characterized according to actions that users perform on visual representations (VRs), and the utility of action-reaction pairs (i.e., interactions) in carrying out tasks and activities. These are conceptual, pattern-based characterizations of user-initiated interactions with visual representations at the interface, and are not directly concerned with implementation details, techniques, and underlying data/information. Included with each pattern is a list of some common variations, techniques with which the pattern has been instantiated, the cognitive utility of the interaction in the context of performing complex tasks and activities, and some examples and lists of existing tools in which the pattern is instantiated. <ref>Sedig, K. & Parsons, P. (2013). Interaction Design for Complex Cognitive Activities with Visual Representations: A Pattern-Based Approach. AIS Transactions on Human-Computer Interaction, 5(2), pp. 84-133.[http://aisel.aisnet.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1057&context=thci]</ref>

Unipolar Patterns:
* Annotating: augment VRs with additional visual marks and coding schemes, as personal meta-information
* Arranging: change the ordering of VRs, either spatially or temporally
* Assigning: bind a feature or value to VRs (e.g., meaning, function, or behavior)
* Blending: fuse VRs together such that they become one indivisible, single, new VR
* Cloning: create multiple identical copies of VRs
* Comparing: determine degree of similarity or difference between VRs
* Drilling: bring out, make available, and display in VRs interior, deep information from the underlying information space
* Filtering: display a subset of the elements of VRs according to certain criteria
* Measuring: quantify some items within VRs (e.g., area, length, mass, temperature, and speed)
* Navigating: move on, through, and/or around VRs
* Scoping: dynamically work forwards and backwards to view compositional development and growth of VRs
* Searching: seek out the existence of or locate the position of specific items, relationships, or structures within VRs
* Selecting: focus on or choose VRs, either as an individual or as a group
* Sharing: make VRs accessible to other people
* Transforming: change the geometric form of VRs
* Translating: convert VRs into informationally or conceptually equivalent forms

Bipolar Patterns:
* Accelerating/Decelerating: increase or decrease speed of movement of the constituent components of VRs
* Animating/Freezing: generate or stop motion in the constituent components of VRs
* Collapsing/Expanding: fold in or compact VRs, or oppositely, fold them out or make them diffuse
* Composing/Decomposing: assemble VRs and join them together to create a new, whole VR, or oppositely, break whole entities up into separate, constituent components
* Gathering/Discarding: gather VRs into a collection, or oppositely, throw them away completely
* Inserting/Removing: interject new VRs into them, or oppositely, get rid of their unwanted or unnecessary portions
* Linking/Unlinking: establish a relationship or association between VRs, or oppositely, dissociate them and disconnect their relationships
* Storing/Retrieving: put VRs aside for later use, or oppositely, bring stored VRs back into usage

See also: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interaction_design_pattern Interaction Design Patterns (wikipedia article)]

=== '''Display Rendering Patterns''' ===

* [[Patterns:Appropriate Visual Objects|Appropriate Visual Objects]]
* [[Patterns:Level of Detail|Level of Detail]]
* [[Patterns:2d Representation|2d Representation]]

* [[Patterns:3d Representation|3d Representation]]
* [[Patterns:Reference Context|Reference Context]]
* [[Patterns:Redundant Encoding|Redundant Encoding]]
* [[Patterns:Small Multiples|Small Multiples]]
* [[Patterns:Datatips|Datatips]]
* [[Patterns:Legends|Legends]]
* [[Patterns:Visual Separation|Visual Separation]]
* [[Patterns:Familiar Organizational Device|Familiar Organizational Device]]
* [[Patterns:Non-Familiar Organizational Device|Non-Familiar Organizational Device]]

== Programming Patterns ==
These are patterns related to the backend programming of visualization systems. They are organised according to the Model-View-Controller approach, though other organizational systems may also be appropriate.

Heer and Agrawala's paper ''Software Design Patterns for Information Visualization''<ref>see Heer, J. & Agrawala, M., 2006. [Software Design Patterns for Information Visualization]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS, 12(5), p.853.</ref> provides a useful overview of software design patterns specific to infovis tasks.

=== Data Modelling and Management ===
* [[Patterns:Reference Model|Reference Model]]
* [[Patterns:Data Column|Data Column]]
* [[Patterns:Cascaded Table|Cascaded Table]]
* [[Patterns:Relational Graph|Relational Graph]]
* [[Patterns:Proxy Tuple|Proxy Tuple]]
* [[Patterns:Expression|Expression]]
=== View ===
* [[Patterns:Camera|Camera]]
* [[Patterns:Dynamic Query Binding|Dynamic Query Binding]]

=== Controller ===
* [[Patterns:Scheduler|Scheduler]]
* [[Patterns:Operator|Operator]]
* [[Renderer]]
* [[Production Rule]]

== Development Patterns ==
These patterns relate to the systems development lifecycle and to the activities involved in implementing and testing software.
=== Diagnosis ===
For techniques used during the design process to evaluate coding and design-time decisions.
=== Evaluation and Testing ===
Quality Assurance, Evaluation, and Usability testing methods to close the feedback loop during the development lifecycle.

== References ==
<div class="references-small"> <references/> </div>

[[Category:Patterns]]

Visualization Design Patterns

2014-03-22T16:55:42Z

Paulparsons: /* Interaction Patterns */

{| align="right" | __TOC__ |}
== Overview ==
For any design discipline, including Information and Scientific Visualization, there are design problems within the domain that tend to arise time and again. Although effective solutions may be known, they are not helpful unless that knowledge is coherently structured and communicated to colleagues. Without good structure, design knowledge may be disparate and disjointed, and relationships among solutions may not be apparent. Without good communication, designers who are unaware of solutions may be forced to ‘reinvent the wheel’, wasting unnecessary effort on a problem that has already been solved by others. Some means of capturing and codifying solutions to Information Visualisation design problems would be useful for those engaged in practice. The Visualization Design Patterns described here have been proposed for this purpose.

== Foundational Patterns ==

These patterns are the building blocks of Visualizations. They are more "reference patterns" than true "design patterns". Visualization designers will assume they are a given component of visualization design. The patterns are included to provide a common technical lexicon, to build a ''lingua franca'' used throughout the language, to encourage communications between novices and experts, and to facilitate a discussion of pros and cons.

=== '''Visualization Architecture''' ===
* [[Patterns:Visualization|Visualization]]

=== '''Interaction Patterns''' ===
User intent-based categories of interaction techniques <ref>Yi, J. S., Kang, Y. A., Stasko, J., & Jacko, J. A. (2007). [ Toward a Deeper Understanding of the Role of Interaction in Information Visualization.] IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG), 13(6). Presented in InfoVis 2007, Sacramento, California, October 28 - November 1, 1224-1231. (see also [ Toward a Deeper Understanding of the Role of Interaction in Information Visualization (presentation)])</ref>
* Reconfigure: show me a different arrangement
* Encode: show me a different representation
* Filter: show me something conditionally
** [[Patterns:Filter|Filter]]
** [[Patterns:Dynamic Queries|Dynamic Queries]]
** [[Patterns:Context-maintained Filter|Context-maintained Filter]]
** [[Patterns:Reduction Filter|Reduction Filter]]
* Abstract/Elaborate: show me more or less detail
** [[Patterns:Overview|Overview]]
** [[Patterns:Details-on-demand| Details-on-demand]]
* Connect: show me related items
** [[Patterns:Brushing|Brushing]]
* Explore: show me something else
** [[Patterns:Navigation|Navigation]]
** [[Patterns:Navigation Box|Navigation Box]]
** [[Patterns:Spatial Navigation|Spatial Navigation]]
** [[Patterns:Click-n-Drag|Click-n-Drag]]
** [[Patterns:Teleportation|Teleportation]]
* Select: mark something as interesting
** [[Patterns:Single Direct Selection|Single Direct Selection]]
** [[Patterns:Multiple Direct Selection|Multiple Direct Selection]]
** [[Patterns:Bounding Box|Bounding Box]]
** [[Patterns:Single Direct Selection+Keyboard|Single Direct Selection+Keyboard]]
** [[Patterns:Bounding Box+Keyboard|Bounding Box+Keyboard]]
* Other
** [[Patterns:Direct Manipulation|Direct Manipulation]]
** [[Patterns:Smooth Transitions|Smooth Transitions]]
** [[Patterns:2D Navigational Model|2D Navigational Model]]
** [[Patterns:3D Navigational Model|3D Navigational Model]]
** [[Patterns:NAFS Model|NAFS Model]]

General interaction patterns, characterized according to actions that users perform on visual representations (VRs), and the utility of action-reaction pairs (i.e., interactions) in carrying out tasks and activities. These are conceptual, pattern-based characterizations of user-initiated interactions with visual representations at the interface, and are not directly concerned with implementation details, techniques, and underlying data/information. Included with each pattern is a list of some common variations, techniques with which the pattern has been instantiated, the cognitive utility of the interaction in the context of performing complex tasks and activities, and some examples and lists of existing tools in which the pattern is instantiated. <ref>Sedig, K. & Parsons, P. (2013). [ Interaction Design for Complex Cognitive Activities with Visual Representations: A Pattern-Based Approach.] AIS Transactions on Human-Computer Interaction, 5(2), pp.84-133.</ref>

Unipolar Patterns:
* Annotating: augment VRs with additional visual marks and coding schemes, as personal meta-information
* Arranging: change the ordering of VRs, either spatially or temporally
* Assigning: bind a feature or value to VRs (e.g., meaning, function, or behavior)
* Blending: fuse VRs together such that they become one indivisible, single, new VR
* Cloning: create multiple identical copies of VRs
* Comparing: determine degree of similarity or difference between VRs
* Drilling: bring out, make available, and display in VRs interior, deep information from the underlying information space
* Filtering: display a subset of the elements of VRs according to certain criteria
* Measuring: quantify some items within VRs (e.g., area, length, mass, temperature, and speed)
* Navigating: move on, through, and/or around VRs
* Scoping: dynamically work forwards and backwards to view compositional development and growth of VRs
* Searching: seek out the existence of or locate the position of specific items, relationships, or structures within VRs
* Selecting: focus on or choose VRs, either as an individual or as a group
* Sharing: make VRs accessible to other people
* Transforming: change the geometric form of VRs
* Translating: convert VRs into informationally or conceptually equivalent forms

Bipolar Patterns:
* Accelerating/Decelerating: increase or decrease speed of movement of the constituent components of VRs
* Animating/Freezing: generate or stop motion in the constituent components of VRs
* Collapsing/Expanding: fold in or compact VRs, or oppositely, fold them out or make them diffuse
* Composing/Decomposing: assemble VRs and join them together to create a new, whole VR, or oppositely, break whole entities up into separate, constituent components
* Gathering/Discarding: gather VRs into a collection, or oppositely, throw them away completely
* Inserting/Removing: interject new VRs into them, or oppositely, get rid of their unwanted or unnecessary portions
* Linking/Unlinking: establish a relationship or association between VRs, or oppositely, dissociate them and disconnect their relationships
* Storing/Retrieving: put VRs aside for later use, or oppositely, bring stored VRs back into usage

See also: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interaction_design_pattern Interaction Design Patterns (wikipedia article)]

=== '''Display Rendering Patterns''' ===

* [[Patterns:Appropriate Visual Objects|Appropriate Visual Objects]]
* [[Patterns:Level of Detail|Level of Detail]]
* [[Patterns:2d Representation|2d Representation]]

* [[Patterns:3d Representation|3d Representation]]
* [[Patterns:Reference Context|Reference Context]]
* [[Patterns:Redundant Encoding|Redundant Encoding]]
* [[Patterns:Small Multiples|Small Multiples]]
* [[Patterns:Datatips|Datatips]]
* [[Patterns:Legends|Legends]]
* [[Patterns:Visual Separation|Visual Separation]]
* [[Patterns:Familiar Organizational Device|Familiar Organizational Device]]
* [[Patterns:Non-Familiar Organizational Device|Non-Familiar Organizational Device]]

== Programming Patterns ==
These are patterns related to the backend programming of visualization systems. They are organised according to the Model-View-Controller approach, though other organizational systems may also be appropriate.

Heer and Agrawala's paper ''Software Design Patterns for Information Visualization''<ref>see Heer, J. & Agrawala, M., 2006. [Software Design Patterns for Information Visualization]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS, 12(5), p.853.</ref> provides a useful overview of software design patterns specific to infovis tasks.

=== Data Modelling and Management ===
* [[Patterns:Reference Model|Reference Model]]
* [[Patterns:Data Column|Data Column]]
* [[Patterns:Cascaded Table|Cascaded Table]]
* [[Patterns:Relational Graph|Relational Graph]]
* [[Patterns:Proxy Tuple|Proxy Tuple]]
* [[Patterns:Expression|Expression]]
=== View ===
* [[Patterns:Camera|Camera]]
* [[Patterns:Dynamic Query Binding|Dynamic Query Binding]]

=== Controller ===
* [[Patterns:Scheduler|Scheduler]]
* [[Patterns:Operator|Operator]]
* [[Renderer]]
* [[Production Rule]]

== Development Patterns ==
These patterns relate to the systems development lifecycle and to the activities involved in implementing and testing software.
=== Diagnosis ===
For techniques used during the design process to evaluate coding and design-time decisions.
=== Evaluation and Testing ===
Quality Assurance, Evaluation, and Usability testing methods to close the feedback loop during the development lifecycle.

== References ==
<div class="references-small"> <references/> </div>

[[Category:Patterns]]

User:Paulparsons

2013-10-28T15:39:03Z

Paulparsons:

<big>'''Paul Parsons'''</big> 

IBM Canada Research & Development Centre 
Western University 

'''Postal Address''' 
Dept. of Computer Science 
Middlesex College 
1151 Richmond St. 
London, ON, Canada 
N6A 1W1 

'''email''': parsons (at) ca.ibm.com; pparsons (at) uwo.ca 

''' Paul Parsons ''' is a Post-Doctoral Research Scientist at the IBM Canada Research & Development Centre and [http://www.uwo.ca Western University] in London, Canada. His research takes a human-centered approach to analysis, design, and evaluation of interactive visualization technologies, particularly in the context of supporting human cognition and visual reasoning. Recently, he has been working on developing general theoretical frameworks in an attempt to promote a more scientific approach to interactive visualization research. He has published a number of papers in the areas of interaction and interactivity design for visualization and visual analytics.

== External links ==

*[http://www.csd.uwo.ca/~pparsons/ Home Page]
*[http://www.csd.uwo.ca/~pparsons/publications Publications]
*[http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Paul_Parsons3 ResearchGate Profile]
*[http://www.mendeley.com/profiles/paul-parsons/ Mendeley Profile]

User:Paulparsons

2013-10-28T15:37:47Z

Paulparsons: first edit